The nurse is assisting a patient to clarify values by encouraging the expression of feelings and thoughts related to the situation. What is the most appropriate action for the nurse?

• A. Compare values with those of the patient
• B. Make a judgement
• C. Withhold an opinion
• D. Give advice

Answer: (C)

To help a patient clarify values, the nurse should act as a nonjudgmental, nondirective facilitator who encourages the patient to express feelings and thoughts without being steered by the nurse’s own beliefs. Withholding an opinion keeps the patient in control of their own values, promoting autonomy and genuine self-reflection. The nurse supports this process through open-ended questions, reflective listening, and appropriate pauses, which help the patient articulate what matters most in the situation.

If the nurse compares values, passes judgment, or gives advice, the patient may adopt the nurse’s beliefs or feel pressured, which can inhibit honest exploration and undermine autonomy.